全氟辛酸污染的吸附去除技术综述吴玉潘江王宇航

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化学工程理论，2025年，第1卷，第2期，第30-38页，pISSN 3105-7470、eISSN 3105-7489

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doi 10.66106/hglaa6.20250206

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全氟辛酸污染的吸附去除技术综述

吴玉，潘江，王宇航

1.北京建工环境修复股份有限公司，北京，100020；2.江苏长江地质勘查院，江苏南京，210000；3.江苏盖亚环境科技股份有限公司，江苏苏州，215000

摘要:作为一种新型有机污染物，全氟辛酸（Per?uorooctanoic acid，简称PFOA）具有持久性、生物累积性和多重毒性，并广泛存在于各类环境介质中，可能危害人体健康，造成严重的生态风险，其污染问题不容小觑。吸附技术是目前去除全氟化合物的常用方法之一，本文综述了PFOA在不同吸附剂上的吸附作用，详细介绍了几种主要吸附剂类型、吸附机理及吸附作用的主要影响因素。PFOA的吸附作用受吸附剂的物理化学性质影响（如比表面积、孔径大小、表面官能团等），传统的矿物质（二氧化硅、蒙脱石等）及活性炭材料对PFOA的吸附效果较差，离子交换树脂、分子印迹化合物及多种新型复合吸附剂的吸附去除效果较好。静电作用和疏水作用是PFOA在不同吸附剂上的主要吸附机理。本综述有助于制备高效的PFOA吸附剂，为进一步发展PFOA污染修复技术奠定理论和实践基础。关键字：全氟辛酸；吸附剂；吸附去除

关健词：全氟辛酸；吸附剂；吸附去除

A Review of Adsorption Removal Technologies for Perfluorooctanoic Acid Contamination

Yu Wu,Jiang Pan,Yuhang Wang

1.BCEG Environmental Remediation Co., LTD., Beijing 100020，China;；2. Jiangsu changjiang Geological Exploration Institute, Nanjing Jiangsu 210000 ,China;；3. Jiangsu GaiYa Environmental Technology Co., LTD., Suzhou Jiangsu 215000,China

Abstract：As a new type of organic pollutant, perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA for short) is characterized by persistence, bioaccumulation and multiple toxicities, and is widely present in various environmental media. It may endanger human health and cause serious ecological risks. Its pollution problem should not be underestimated. Adsorption technology is one of the commonly used methods for removing perfluorinated compounds at present. This paper reviews the adsorption effect of PFOA on different adsorbents, and introduces in detail several main types of adsorbents, adsorption mechanisms and the main influencing factors of adsorption effect. The adsorption effect of PFOA is influenced by the physical and chemical properties of the adsorbent (such as specific surface area, pore size, surface functional groups, etc.). Traditional minerals (silica, montmorillonite, etc.) and activated carbon materials have poor adsorption effects on PFOA, while ion exchange resins, molecularly imprinted compounds and various new composite adsorbents have better adsorption and removal effects. Electrostatic interaction and hydrophobic interaction are the main adsorption mechanisms of PFOA on different adsorbents. This review is conducive to the preparation of highly efficient PFOA adsorbents and lays a theoretical and practical foundation for the further development of PFOA pollution remediation technologies.

Keywords : Perfluorooctanoic acid；adsorbent；adsorption removal

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